Methods & instruments

Different instruments, one honest answer.

No single reading settles a question. We confirm identity, purity and contamination with techniques built on unrelated physics — so nothing hides behind one measurement.

A glass sample vial holding amber solution, close up

One vial, several independent techniques

RP-HPLC

Reversed-phase HPLC

Splits the real compound from its related substances by how they stick to the column, read by UV for purity.

PURITY · ASSAY
UHPLC

Ultra-high-performance LC

Sharper separation and faster runs for impurities that sit right on top of each other.

PURITY
LC-MS

LC-MS (HRMS)

High-resolution accurate mass to pin down identity and describe what the impurities are.

IDENTITY
GC-MS

Gas chromatography-MS

Profiles volatiles and residual solvents, confirmed by their mass spectrum.

SOLVENTS
ICP-MS

ICP-MS

Trace metals and heavy elements, quantified one element at a time to parts per million.

ELEMENTAL
NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance

Structure and counter-ion confirmed on physics that owes nothing to chromatography.

STRUCTURE
FT-IR

Fourier-transform IR

A functional-group fingerprint for a fast, independent identity check.

IDENTITY
KF

Karl Fischer titration

Water content by direct titration — the quiet number behind true mass balance.

WATER
LAL

LAL endotoxin

Bacterial endotoxin for anything presented in an injectable format.

ENDOTOXIN

Not sure which apply?

Tell us the compound and what you need to establish. We’ll confirm the right set of methods before anything starts.

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